Juz 6
an-Nisaa' (148-176)
- Do not denigrate or vilify people, nor publicize peoples' wrongs except when injustice is perpetrated; be aware that Allah knows the good you engage in and the wrongs you indulge in, whether public or private (148-149).
- Discourse about the opposition that Prophet Musa /Moses endured (153), rebutting the accusations [of illegitimacy] against Maryam /Mary and of the reprehensible inaccuracy of the alleged crucifixion of ?¢‚ǨÀúIsa /Jesus. (156-159)
- Muslims believe in all the Prophets, acknowledge that some are mentioned in the Qur'an while many others are not (162-164) , follow the burhan/clear proofs and nur /light of divine guidance conveyed by the Prophets, and exhort others not to deviate from the truth nor ignore the facts. (171)
- The surah began with family matters; the orphans, marriage and inheritance; and concludes with family matters pertaining to the law of inheritance relating to kalaalah /one having neither children nor parents (176)
Revealed towards the last years of the Prophet's mission, this surah deals with ordinances pertaining to religious obligations, social responsibilities, interaction with dominant ideologies and practical precepts of Islam dealing with social and spiritual duties.
- Opens with exhortation to be honest through an injunction for fulfillment of contracts and covenants (1), dietary laws (1,3 ) regarding what to eat and what is forbidden, guidelines regarding marriage (3-5), injunction regarding ablution (6) , showing gratitude for Allah's bounties and the importance of obeying Allah and His Messenger (7) . Part of verse 3 [?¢‚Ǩ?ìthis day have We completed for you your deen/way of life, fulfilled our favors to you and satisfied with Islam as your way of life?¢‚Ǩ¬ù] was probably the last revelation according to many scholars.
- Emphasis on justice as integral to faith and an expression of piety (8)
- Do not deviate from Allah's commands nor break covenants as preceding peoples did (12-27)
- The cowardly fear of many of Moses' followers and the principled bravery of two of his companions, documented as revelation for posterity (21-25)
- Narrating the conflict between the two sons of Adam (28)
- Injunction regarding the sanctity of all human life (33)
- Consequence for those who wage war against Allah, those who cause fasaad / corruption on earth, followed by exhortation to be mindful of duty to Allah (35-40)
- If people were to judge by what Allah revealed through His Messengers throughout history would be on path of justice and righteousness (41-56)
- Do not take as protectors those who ally themselves against Believers (50-55) , nor those who mock your faith (57), nor those who refuse to command good and forbid evil (79) causing fasaad /chaos/disorder on earth (64)
- True friends and protectors are those who have faith, who establish prayer, who give charity and bow only to Allah (55) ; while those who have no cause to grieve are those who have faith, the Jews, Christians, Sabeans; who believe in the Creator, the Day of Accountability and are doers of good ?¢‚Ǩ¬¶. (69)
- Prophets came through history and were opposed and their message later corrupted (70-75)
- Call people of Book not to exceed limits in matters of religion, nor to deviate from divine guidance, nor go astray leading others astray. (78)
- Do not forbid yourself the good Allah made permissible, neither exceed the limits (88) , nor take oaths in vain (89)
- Realize that intoxicants and gambling are pathways to evil, avoid them completely (90).
- Rules regarding hunting/ sayd (94), sanctity of Ka'bah and its role as a sacred place established qiyam-al lin-naas /for performace of prayer, enhancement of integrity and the empowerment of humankind (97),
- Be cognizant of the fact that evil good can never be equal though the preponderance of evil may be overwhelmingly dazzling (100)
- The responsibility of making bequests/ wasiyyah and its regulations explained (106-108).
- All prophets gathered with their peoples and state that their message was in essence the same (109-118).
- The surah began with call to fulfill spiritual and social obligations and to adhere to Allah's guidelines; it ends with reminder of Allah's glory and human dependence on Him. Those who abide by truth, and are pleased with what pleases Allah deserve the ridaa' /pleasure of Allah and attainment of fawz-ul-?¢‚ǨÀúazim / ultimate success (119)